Cardiology and Cardiac Surgery,
- MBBS – University of Madras (1975 – 1982)
- MD (Cardiology) - Internal Medicine (1985)
- DM (Cardiology) - CMC Hospital (1989)
- Senior Registrar (Cardiology) (1989 - 1992)
- Internal Medicine, Michael Reese Hospital, Chicago, USA (1993-1995)
- Fellowship in Clinical Electrophysiology, University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee (1995-1997)
- Fellowship in clinical Cardiology/Vascular disease: Michael Reese Hospital, Chicago (1997-1998)
- Internal Medicine Residency at Michael Reese Hospital, Chicago (1993-1995)
- Senior Registrar (Cardiology) (1989-1992)